Who runs it
LinkedIn. The token LinkedInBot appears in LinkedIn's own robots.txt. The operator doesn't say what its full user agent string is.
What it does
The operator doesn't say. LinkedIn's page on making a website shareable covers the Open Graph tags it reads for previews, and says a missing image may mean a site is blocking LinkedIn from pulling it.
Renders JavaScript
Not yet observed. LinkedIn doesn't say whether LinkedInBot runs scripts, and this site hasn't recorded a verified visit yet.
How to verify it
The operator doesn't say. LinkedIn publishes no IP list, reverse DNS check or signing method that this site found.
robots.txt
The operator doesn't say. The token appears as a group in LinkedIn's own robots.txt, which governs crawling of linkedin.com.
Questions
How do I check a visit from LinkedInBot?
LinkedIn publishes no check. Treat the user agent as a claim, as the verification guide explains.